Larry Hoover (born November 30, 1950) is a former American gang leader best known as the co-founder of the Gangster Disciples, one of the most influential street gangs in U.S. history. His life has been marked by a complex blend of criminal enterprise, attempted reform, and ongoing legal battles.
Early Life and Rise to Power
Born in Jackson, Mississippi, Hoover moved to Chicago at age four. By 13, he had joined the Supreme Gangsters, engaging in petty crimes. In 1969, he merged his gang with David Barksdale’s Black Disciples to form the Black Gangster Disciple Nation (BGDN), later known as the Gangster Disciples. After Barksdale’s death in 1974, Hoover became the sole leader, expanding the gang’s influence across Chicago and beyond.
Criminal Convictions and Incarceration
In 1973, Hoover was convicted for orchestrating the murder of William “Pooky” Young, a 19-year-old drug dealer, and sentenced to 150–200 years in prison. While incarcerated, he continued to run the Gangster Disciples, which reportedly generated up to $100 million annually from drug trafficking and other crimes.
A 17-year federal investigation culminated in Hoover’s 1995 indictment on charges including conspiracy, extortion, money laundering, and running a criminal enterprise from prison. In 1997, he was convicted on all counts and received six additional life sentences.
Attempts at Reform and Advocacy
During his incarceration, Hoover initiated a movement to rebrand the Gangster Disciples as “Growth and Development,” promoting education and community involvement. However, authorities viewed this as a facade for ongoing criminal activities.
In recent years, Hoover has publicly renounced his gang affiliations. In 2022, he stated he wanted “nothing to do” with the Gangster Disciples.
Presidential Commutation and Current Status
On May 28, 2025, President Donald Trump commuted Hoover’s federal life sentences, influenced by advocacy from figures like Kanye West and Drake, who organized a 2021 benefit concert for his release. Despite the commutation, Hoover remains incarcerated, serving his original 150–200-year state sentence for the 1973 murder. He is currently held at Dixon Correctional Center in Illinois.
Legacy and Cultural Impact
Hoover’s life has been referenced in various cultural works, including songs by Rick Ross and Killer Mike. His story continues to spark debate over criminal justice reform, gang rehabilitation, and the complexities of redemption.