Here’s a detailed biography of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, one of India’s most respected scientists and the 11th President of India:
Full Name: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
Born: October 15, 1931 – Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India
Died: July 27, 2015 – Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Professions: Aerospace Scientist, Author, 11th President of India (2002–2007)
Early Life & Education
- Born to a humble Tamil Muslim family. His father was a boat owner, and the family faced financial challenges.
- Kalam supported his family by distributing newspapers at a young age.
- Completed schooling in Rameswaram, graduated in Physics from St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli.
- Later studied aerospace engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT).
Scientific Career
ISRO & DRDO
- Joined the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and later Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
- Known as the “Missile Man of India” for his work on ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.
- Played a central role in:
- SLV-III (India’s first satellite launch vehicle)
- Agni and Prithvi missiles
- Pokhran-II nuclear tests (1998) as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister.
Presidency (2002–2007)
- Became the 11th President of India in 2002 with support from both the BJP and Congress.
- Known as the “People’s President” for his humility, integrity, and connection with the youth.
- Focused on education, innovation, and national development during his term.
- Declined to run for a second term despite popular demand.
Books & Legacy
Dr. Kalam was a prolific writer. Some of his most influential works include:
- Wings of Fire (Autobiography)
- Ignited Minds
- India 2020
- The Life Tree
- My Journey: Transforming Dreams into Actions
His writings continue to inspire millions, especially students and young professionals.
Post-Presidency & Final Years
- Remained active in education and public life post-presidency.
- Delivered lectures at institutions like IIMs, IITs, and other universities.
- Died while delivering a lecture at IIM Shillong on July 27, 2015, due to cardiac arrest.
Awards & Recognition
- Bharat Ratna (India’s highest civilian award) – 1997
- Padma Vibhushan – 1990
- Padma Bhushan – 1981
- Over 40 honorary doctorates from various universities around the world.
Quotes by Abdul Kalam
“Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action.”
“If you want to shine like a sun, first burn like a sun.”
“You have to dream before your dreams can come true.”
Legacy
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam’s life is a beacon of inspiration — from a small coastal town to becoming the President of India and a global icon of science, education, and youth empowerment. He is remembered not only for his scientific contributions but also for his simplicity, vision, and unwavering commitment to national development.